2.4.2.5 Security Versus Fairness (and Democracy)

Security may conflict with fairness and democracy, particularly when cybersecurity is used for national security purposes, such as large state surveillance programs or cyberattacks on other countries by government agencies. These activities can put at risk the civil liberties and privacy of citizens (e.g., Rubel 2016; Strossen 2016). While such actions may sometimes be justified, they would req...